{"id":12098,"date":"2022-03-27T20:49:59","date_gmt":"2022-03-27T14:49:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/?p=12098"},"modified":"2022-11-28T16:27:04","modified_gmt":"2022-11-28T10:27:04","slug":"chemical-energy-chemical-reaction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/chemical-energy-chemical-reaction\/","title":{"rendered":"\u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09df\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u0989\u09ce\u09b8 \u0993 \u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09df\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be (Sources of Chemical Energy and Chemical Reaction)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf <\/b>(Bond Energy): <\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8\u09c7 \u0986\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1\u09b0 \u09af\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09b7\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7, \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7<\/b>\u0964 (Bond Energy)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\\mathrm{NaCl}<\/span> <\/span>\u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09af\u09cc\u0997\u0964 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cb\u09a1\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1 \u0993 \u09ac\u09cb\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1 \u09af\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09b7\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0986\u099b\u09c7, \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0964 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09af\u09cc\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09c7\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09ad\u09c7\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09df \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09af\u09cc\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09c7\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u0997\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0993 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf(Bond Energy) \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0983\u0986\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf <\/b>(Intermolecular Energy):<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09cb\u099c\u09c0 \u09af\u09cc\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a3\u09c1 \u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09b7\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7, \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0983\u0986\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf (Intermolecular Energy)\u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 <\/b>\u0986\u09df\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09af\u09cc\u0997\u09c7 \u0986\u09df\u09a8\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09b7\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7, \u09a4\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09cb\u099c\u09c0 \u0985\u09a3\u09c1\u09b0 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09b7\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0985\u09aa\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1 \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09cb\u099c\u09c0 \u0985\u09a3\u09c1\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0983\u0986\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09df\u09c7 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1 \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u0997\u09a0\u09bf\u09a4 \u0985\u09a3\u09c1\u09b0 \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0983\u0986\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7, \\mathrm{Cl_2}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u098f\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09df\u09c7 \\mathrm{NaCl}<\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0983\u0986\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u0995 <\/b>(Unit of Energy):<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09b0\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u0995\u09bf\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09b0\u09bf \u098f\u0995\u0995 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09a4\u09cb\u0964 <\/span>\u09e7\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6\u00a0\u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09b0\u09bf=\u09e7\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u0995\u09bf\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09b0\u09bf\u0964 \u09e7 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be <\/span>\u09e7\u2103<\/span> \u09ac\u09be\u09dc\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09df, \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09e7 \u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09b0\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09b2 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u0995 \u099c\u09c1\u09b2 <\/span>(joule)\u0964<\/span> \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u09e7 \u09a8\u09bf\u0989\u099f\u09a8 \u09ac\u09b2 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09e7 \u09ae\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09a3 \u0998\u099f\u09c7 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u09c0\u09df \u0995\u09be\u099c\u0995\u09c7 \u09e7 \u099c\u09c1\u09b2 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 <\/b>\u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa\u09c7 <\/span>j<\/span> \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964 <\/span>\u09e7\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6\u00a0\u099c\u09c1\u09b2=\u00a0\u09e7\u00a0<\/span>\u0995\u09bf\u09b2\u09cb\u099c\u09c1\u09b2<\/span> (<\/span>Kj)<\/span>\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u098f\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09df\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be <\/b>(Chemical Reactions based on Changes in Heat)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0995\u0996\u09a8\u09cb \u0995\u0996\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u0995 \u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u0987\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u0998\u099f\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09a3\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09df\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1\u0987\u09ad\u09be\u0997\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09e7. \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be <\/span>(Exothermic reaction)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09e8. \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be <\/span>(Endothermic reaction)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf <\/b>(Internal Energy):<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09be\u09a5 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u09c7\u0987 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\\mathrm{\\Delta H=}<\/span> \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf (\\mathrm{E_2})<\/span><\/span>-\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u0995\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf (\\mathrm{E_1})<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09df \\mathrm{E_1}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u098f\u09b0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09ae\u09be\u09a8<\/span> \\mathrm{E_2}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u098f\u09b0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u099a\u09be\u0987\u09a4\u09c7<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09b9\u09df<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7<\/span> \\mathrm{\\Delta H}<\/span> <\/span>\u098f\u09b0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09ae\u09be\u09a8<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09b9\u09ac\u09c7<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u098b\u09a3\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a8\u0995<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u098f\u09ac\u0982<\/span> \\mathrm{\\Delta H}<\/span> <\/span>\u098f\u09b0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09ae\u09be\u09a8<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u098b\u09a3\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u0995<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \\mathrm{\\Delta H}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09a7\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u0995<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09b8\u09c7\u099f\u09bf<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09b9\u09ac\u09c7<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09c0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be:<\/b>\u00a0\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09df \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u0995\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf <\/span>\\mathrm{50\u00a0kj\/mol}<\/span><\/span> \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf <\/span>\\mathrm{80 kj\/mol}<\/span><\/span> \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7, \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09cb\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \\mathrm{E_2=80\u00a0Kj\/mole}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u0995\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \\mathrm{E_1=50 Kj\/mole}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09bf, \\begin{aligned}\n\n\\Delta H &=E_2-E_1 \\\\\n\n&=(80-50) \\mathrm{Kj} \/ \\mathrm{mole} \\\\\n\n&=30 \\mathrm{Kj} \/ \\text { mole }\n\n\\end{aligned}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09a7\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u0995 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09df\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be (Chemical Reaction)<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be <\/b>(Exothermic reaction)<\/b>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u09af\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b9\u09df, \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09b9\u09be\u0987\u09a1\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u099c\u09c7\u09a8 \u0993 \u09a8\u09be\u0987\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u099c\u09c7\u09a8 \u09ae\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ae\u09cb\u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u09b8\u09c7\u0987 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 92 \\mathrm{Kj} \/ \\mathrm{mole}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3 \\mathrm{H}_2+\\mathrm{N}_2 \\leftrightarrows 2 \\mathrm{NH}_3,+92 \\mathrm{Kj} \/ \\text { mole \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09b8\u09c1\u09a4\u09b0\u09be\u0982,\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

3 \\mathrm{H}_2+\\mathrm{N}_2 \\leftrightarrows 2 \\mathrm{NH}_3 \\quad \\therefore \\Delta \\mathrm{H}=-92 \\mathrm{Kj} \/ \\mathrm{mole} \\text { \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf }<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7, \\Delta \\mathrm{H}<\/span> <\/span>\u098f\u09b0\u00a0\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u00a0\u098b\u09a3\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u00a0\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u00a0\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09c0\u00a0\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09df\u00a0\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u00a0\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u00a0\u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0, \u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09ae \u0985\u0995\u09cd\u09b8\u09be\u0987\u09a1 \u0993 \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09ae \u09b9\u09be\u0987\u09a1\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u0985\u0995\u09cd\u09b8\u09be\u0987\u09a1 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\\mathrm{CaO}+2 \\mathrm{H}_2 \\mathrm{O} \\leftrightarrows \\mathrm{Ca}(\\mathrm{OH})_2+63.95 \\mathrm{Kj} \/ \\text {mole } \\text { \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\\mathrm{CaO}+2 \\mathrm{H}_2 \\mathrm{O} \\leftrightarrows \\mathrm{Ca}(\\mathrm{OH})_2 \\quad \\therefore \\Delta \\mathrm{H}=-63.95 \\mathrm{Kj} \/ \\text { mole \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be <\/b>(Endothermic reaction)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u09af\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u0998\u09be\u099f\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09b9\u09df \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b6\u09cb\u09b7\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u0993 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 <\/span>\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \\Delta \\mathrm{H}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u098f\u09b0\u00a0\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u00a0\u09b8\u09ac\u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u00a0\u09a7\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u00a0\u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\\begin{gathered}\n\n\\mathrm{CaCO}_3+176.8 \\mathrm{kj} \/ \\mathrm{mole} \\rightarrow \\mathrm{CaO}+\\mathrm{CO}_2 \\\\\n\n\\mathrm{CaCO}_3 \\rightarrow \\mathrm{CaO}+\\mathrm{CO}_2 \\therefore \\Delta \\mathrm{H}=+176.8 \\mathrm{kj} \/ \\mathrm{mole}\n\n\\end{gathered}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09df\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09df \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac <\/b>(Calculation of the Change of Heat in a Chemical Reaction by Calculating the Bonding Energy)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u0986\u0997\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u0964 \u098f\u0987\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 <\/span>\u2206H<\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09df \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0996\u09ac\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09af\u09c7\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09df \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u0995 \u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \\mathrm{B_1}<\/span><\/span> \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \\mathrm{B_2}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u099a\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\\Delta \\mathrm{H}=<\/span>\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u0995\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf(\\mathrm{B_1})<\/span><\/span>-\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf (\\mathrm{B_2})<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7, \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \\mathrm{B_1}<\/span><\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \\mathrm{B_2}<\/span><\/span>\u098f\u09b0 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09ae \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \\mathrm{B_1}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \\mathrm{B_2}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u098f\u09b0 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0995\u09bf\u09b2\u09cb\u099c\u09c1\u09b2\/\u09ae\u09cb\u09b2)<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n

\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0995\u09bf\u09b2\u09cb\u099c\u09c1\u09b2\/\u09ae\u09cb\u09b2)<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

C-H<\/span><\/td>\n414<\/span><\/td>\nN-H<\/span><\/td>\n391<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C-Cl<\/span><\/td>\n326<\/span><\/td>\nO-H<\/span><\/td>\n464<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C-C<\/span><\/td>\n344<\/span><\/td>\nO=O<\/span><\/td>\n498<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C<\/span>=<\/span>C<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n615<\/span><\/td>\nC\u2261C<\/span><\/td>\n812<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
N\u2261N<\/span><\/td>\n946<\/span><\/td>\nCl-Cl<\/span><\/td>\n244<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Br-Br<\/span><\/td>\n193<\/span><\/td>\nI-I<\/span><\/td>\n151<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
O-O<\/span><\/td>\n143<\/span><\/td>\nH-H<\/span><\/td>\n436<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H-Cl<\/span><\/td>\n431<\/span><\/td>\nH-Br<\/span><\/td>\n366<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H-I<\/span><\/td>\n299<\/span><\/td>\nH-F<\/span><\/td>\n563<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C=O<\/span><\/td>\n724<\/span><\/td>\nC-O<\/span><\/td>\n350<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u099f\u09c7\u09ac\u09bf\u09b2 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df, <\/span>C-H<\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf <\/span>4<\/span>1<\/span>4<\/span> \u0995\u09bf\u09b2\u09cb\u099c\u09c1\u09b2\/\u09ae\u09cb\u09b2\u0964 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce <\/span>1\u00a0\u09ae\u09cb\u09b2\u00a0C-H<\/span> \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u0999\u09a4\u09c7 <\/span>414\u00a0\u0995\u09bf\u09b2\u09cb\u099c\u09c1\u09b2\u00a0\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u00a0\u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7\u00a0\u09b9\u09df<\/span> \u098f\u09ac\u0982 <\/span>1\u00a0\u09ae\u09cb\u09b2\u00a0C-H\u00a0\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8\u00a0\u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09c0\u00a0\u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u00a0414\u00a0\u0995\u09bf\u09b2\u09cb\u099c\u09c1\u09b2\u00a0\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u00a0\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u0997\u09a4<\/span> \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09df\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be: <\/b>\\mathrm{C}_3 \\mathrm{H}_8+\\mathrm{Cl}_2 \\rightarrow \\mathrm{C}_3 \\mathrm{H}_6 \\mathrm{Cl}_2+2 \\mathrm{HCl}<\/span>\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09df \\Delta \\mathrm{H}<\/span>\u00a0\u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09a4 \u0993 \u0995\u09c0 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be ?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\\boldsymbol{B}_1 \\text{~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~}\\boldsymbol{B}_2 \\\\\n\n\\mathrm{C}_3 \\mathrm{H}_8+2 \\mathrm{Cl}_2 \\longrightarrow \\mathrm{C}_3 \\mathrm{H}_6 \\mathrm{Cl}_2+2 \\mathrm{HCl}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, \\quad 2(C-H)+2(C l-C l) \\rightarrow 2(C-C l)+2(H-C l)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, \\quad\\{(2 \\times 414)+(2 \\times 244)\\} \\rightarrow\\{(2 \\times 326)+(2 \\times 431)\\} \\text{kj\/mole}<\/span><\/span>(\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09ac\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, 1316 \\mathrm{kj} \/ \\mathrm{mole} \\rightarrow 1514 \\mathrm{kj} \/ \\mathrm{mole}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09bf,\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\\begin{aligned}\\Delta H &=\\text { \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u0995\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf }\\left(B_1\\right)-\\text { \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf }\\left(B_2\\right) \\\\&=1316-1514 \\\\&=-198 \\mathrm{kj}\\end{aligned}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\\Delta H<\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u098b\u09a3\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u0995 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf (Bond Energy): \u00a0 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8\u09c7 \u0986\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1\u09b0 \u09af\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09b7\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7, \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 (Bond Energy) \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09af\u09cc\u0997\u0964 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cb\u09a1\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1 \u0993 \u09ac\u09cb\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1 \u09af\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09b7\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0986\u099b\u09c7, \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8<\/p>\n

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