{"id":3113,"date":"2022-03-24T09:50:45","date_gmt":"2022-03-24T03:50:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage-wp.10minuteschool.com\/?p=3113"},"modified":"2022-03-24T22:26:02","modified_gmt":"2022-03-24T16:26:02","slug":"gas-laws","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/gas-laws\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9 – \u098f\u0995 (The Gas Laws)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9 (The Gas Laws)<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : S.T.P. \u0993 S.A.T.P \u09ac\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u0995\u09c0 \u09ac\u09c1\u099d?\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0<\/span> :<\/span> S.T.P.<\/span> \u09a4\u09c7 \u00a0 <\/span>T=\u00a00\u00b0C<\/span> \u09ac\u09be <\/span>273K.<\/span> (Standard Temperature and Pressure)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>P=1\u00a0atm<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V m=22.414 \\mathrm{Lmol}^{-1}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>S.A.T.P.<\/span> \u09a4\u09c7 \u00a0 <\/span>T=25\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>P=100kPa\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 , \\mathrm{Vm}=24.789 \\mathrm{Lmol}^{-1}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u099a\u09be\u09aa \u0993 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9 :<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9 : 1 L=1000 \\mathrm{~mL}=1000 \\mathrm{~cm}^{3}=1 \\mathrm{dm}^{3}=10^{-3} \\mathrm{~m}^{3}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9 : <\/span>1atm=760mm (<\/span>Hg) <\/span>=760torr=1.013\u00a0bar<\/span><\/p>\n1 a t m=101.325 \\times k P a=101.325 \\times 10^{3} \\mathrm{~Pa}=101.325 \\times 10^{3} \\mathrm{Nm}^{-2}<\/span>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u09ac\u09df\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4 \u0993 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09cb\u0964\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0<\/span> :<\/span> \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf : <\/b>\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09ad\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 \u0990 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09df\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\n

V \\propto \\frac{1}{P}<\/span> , [ <\/span>T,\u00a0n<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 ]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be<\/span>,\u00a0PV\u00a0=\u00a0k<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u0986\u0987\u09b8\u09cb\u09a5\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cb\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3 \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u0995\u09c0 \u09ac\u09c1\u099d?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0<\/span> :<\/span> \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u099a\u09be\u09aa \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8<\/span> \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0985\u09a4\u0983\u09aa\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u099a\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u0985\u09a7\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u0987\u09b8\u09cb\u09a5\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u0993 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Gas<\/p>\n

\u09af\u09be \u09ac\u09df\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09df\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\n

PV =\u00a0 K\u2026\u2026\u2026 (i)<\/span><\/p>\n

V= K. \\frac{1}{P}<\/span> <\/span>.\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026 (ii)<\/span><\/p>\n

(i)<\/span> \u0993 <\/span>(<\/span>ii)<\/span> \u09a8\u0982 \u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u0995\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09e8 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc,<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u098f \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7\u0993 \u0986\u0987\u09b8\u09cb\u09a5\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0986\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 <\/span>PV<\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7<\/span> P<\/span> \u09ac\u09be <\/span>V<\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u0986\u0981\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u09e8\u09a8\u0982 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u099a\u09be\u09aa \u0993 \u0998\u09a8\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09df \u0995\u09b0\u0964\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0<\/span> :<\/span> \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09bf, \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09b2\u09be\u09af\u09bc <\/span>w<\/span> \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0998\u09a8\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09af\u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7 d_{1} \u0993 d_{2}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\nP_{1} V_{1}=P_{2} V_{2}<\/span>\n

\u09ac\u09be, P_{1} \\frac{w}{d_{1}}=P_{2} \\frac{w}{d_{2}} \\mid V=\\frac{w}{d}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, \\frac{P_{1}}{d_{1}}=\\frac{P_{2}}{d_{2}}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, \\frac{P}{d}=<\/span><\/span> \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>P\u221dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce, \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0998\u09a8\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 :\u00a0 \u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b2\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4 \u0993 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u0964\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0<\/span> :<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09ad\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u09a1\u09bf\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0 \u09b8\u09c7\u09b2\u09b8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b8 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u09b9\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 <\/span>0<\/span>\u00b0C<\/span> \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u098f\u09b0\u00a0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \\frac{1}{273}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u09ad\u09be\u0997 \u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09af\u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u09b9\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b8 \u09aa\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u0995\u09c0\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09b6\u09c2\u09a3\u09cd\u09af \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc? \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0<\/span> :<\/span> \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09bf,<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7, <\/span>0<\/span>\u00b0C <\/span>\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \\mathrm{V}_{0} \\mathrm{~L}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1<\/span>\u00b0<\/span>C<\/span> \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7<\/span>,<\/b><\/p>\n

\u09ae\u09cb\u099f\u00a0 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 <\/span>=<\/span> \\left(V_{0}+V_{0} \\text { \u098f\u09b0 } \\frac{1}{273}\\right) L=V_{0}\\left(\\frac{273+1}{273}\\right) L<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2234<\/span> t<\/span><\/i>\u2218 <\/span><\/i>C<\/span><\/i> \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 = V_{0}\\left(\\frac{273+t}{273}\\right) L<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-273<\/span>\u00b0<\/span>C<\/span> \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 = V_{0}\\left(\\frac{273-273}{273}\\right) L=0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce, <\/span>-273<\/span>\u00b0<\/span>C<\/span> \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c2\u09a3\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 <\/span>-273<\/span>\u00b0<\/span>C<\/span> \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b2\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7, \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0\u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c2\u09a3\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09b6\u09c2\u09a3\u09cd\u09af \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb\u00a0 <\/span>-273<\/span>.<\/span>15<\/span>\u00b0<\/span>C-273<\/span>\u00b0<\/span>C<\/span> \u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c2\u09a3\u09cd\u09af \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u09a1\u09bf\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c7\u09b2\u09b8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b8 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u09b2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1 \u0995\u09c7\u09b2\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09af\u09c7 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b2 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b2 \u09ac\u09be \u0995\u09c7\u09b2\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b2 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09b8\u09c7\u09b2\u09b8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b8 \u0993 \u0995\u09c7\u09b2\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb ,<\/span><\/p>\n

-273\u2103 = 0K<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>0\u2103 = 273K<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>t\u2103 = (<\/span>273+t)<\/span>K =TK<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09b6\u09c2\u09a3\u09cd\u09af \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09ce\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u09b2\u09bf\u0996\u0964<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0<\/span> :<\/span> –<\/span>273\u00b0C<\/span> \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c2\u09a3\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09b6\u09c2\u09a3\u09cd\u09af \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09af\u09c7\u09b9\u09c7\u09a4\u09c1,<\/span> \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a3\u09c1\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09a1\u09bc \u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09b9\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u0985\u09a3\u09c1\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ac \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b8 \u09aa\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u098f \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u0985\u09a3\u09c1\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9 \u09aa\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09c1\u09ac\u0987 \u09a8\u09bf\u0995\u099f\u09c7 \u0986\u09b8\u09c7\u0964<\/span> \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7, \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u0996\u09c1\u09ac\u0987 \u09b9\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b8 \u09aa\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u098f \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u099a\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u098b\u09a3\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u0995 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u09b0 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ad\u09cc\u09a4 \u09a4\u09be\u09ce\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09b6\u09c2\u09a3\u09cd\u09af \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09cc\u0981\u099b\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u0987 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09a4\u09b0\u09b2 \u09ac\u09be \u0995\u09a0\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09a3\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc,<\/span> \u09a4\u09be \u0995\u0996\u09a8\u0987 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u0995\u0996\u09a8\u09cb \u09b6\u09c1\u09a3\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7, \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09b0\u0964<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 :<\/span> \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09bf,<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\n

0<\/span>\u00b0<\/span>C<\/span> \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 <\/span>=<\/span> V_{o} L<\/span><\/p>\n

t<\/span>1<\/span>\u00b0<\/span>C<\/span> \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8<\/span> =V_{1} L<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

t<\/span>2<\/span>\u00b0C <\/span>\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 <\/span>=<\/span> V_{2} L<\/span><\/p>\n

\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b2\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\n\\mathrm{t}_{1}{ }^{\\circ} \\mathrm{C} \\text { \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 } \\mathrm{O} \/ \\mathrm{V}_{1}=\\mathrm{V}_{0}\\left(\\frac{273+t_{1}}{273}\\right) L<\/span>\n\\mathrm{t}_{2}{ }^{\\circ} \\mathrm{C} \\text { \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8} V_{2}=V_{0}\\left(\\frac{273+t_{2}}{273}\\right) L<\/span>\n

 <\/p>\n

\\therefore \\frac{v_{1}}{v_{2}}=\\frac{273+t_{1}}{273+t_{2}}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span> \\frac{V_{1}}{V_{2}}=\\frac{T_{1}}{T_{2}}<\/span> \\text { \u0964 } T_{1} 3 T_{2} \\text { \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb} t_{1}{ }^{\\circ} \\mathrm{C} \\text { \u098f\u09ac\u0982 } t_{2}{ }^{\\circ} \\mathrm{C}<\/span> \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09c7\u09b2\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 )<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span> \\frac{V_{1}}{T_{1}}=\\frac{V_{2}}{T_{2}}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, \\frac{V}{T}<\/span><\/span>=<\/span> \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2234<\/span> V\u221dT<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce, \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u0964 \u0987\u09b9\u09be\u0987, \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u0986\u0987\u09b8\u09cb\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u0995\u09c0 \u09ac\u09c1\u099d?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 :<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0964 \u0985\u09a4\u0983\u09aa\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b0\u09b2\u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u0987\u09b8\u09cb\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099a\u09be\u09aa \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u0993 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Gas<\/p>\n

\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b2\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\n

V<\/span>T<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>V\u00a0=\u00a0kT,\u00a0[y\u00a0=\u00a0mx]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u098f\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u0995\u09c7 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c1\u0997\u09be\u09ae\u09c0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09b2\u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0986\u0987\u09b8\u09cb\u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099a\u09be\u09aa \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0998\u09a8\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09b0\u0964<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0<\/span> :<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 <\/span>w<\/span> \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0998\u09a8\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09af\u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7 d_{1} \u0993 d_{2}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\n\\frac{V_{1}}{T_{1}}=\\frac{V_{2}}{T_{2}}<\/span>\n

\u09ac\u09be<\/span>, \\frac{\\frac{w}{d_{1}}}{T_{1}}=\\frac{\\frac{w}{d_{2}}}{T_{2}}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, \\frac{1}{d_{1} T_{1}}=\\frac{1}{d_{2} T_{2}}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, d_{1} T_{1}=d_{2} T_{2}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, dT <\/span>=<\/span> \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995<\/span><\/p>\n\\therefore d \\propto \\frac{1}{T}<\/span>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u0986\u0987\u09b8\u09cb\u0995\u09cb\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u0995\u09c0 \u09ac\u09c1\u099d?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 :<\/span> \u0997\u09c7 \u09b2\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce, <\/span>P\u221dT<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>P = k T<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09b8\u09c1\u09a4\u09b0\u09be\u0982, \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 <\/span>P<\/span> \u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09ae <\/span>T<\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c1\u0997\u09be\u09ae\u09c0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09b2\u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u0987\u09b8\u09cb\u0995\u09cb\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Gas<\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09a1\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf \u0993 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u0964<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0<\/span> :<\/span> \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09a1\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 : \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09af\u09cc\u0997\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u0995\u09b2 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u0995 \u0985\u09a3\u09c1 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09c7\u09be\u0997\u09c7\u09a1\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u221dN<\/span> [ <\/span>T\u00a0<\/span>\u098f\u09ac\u0982<\/span>\u00a0P\u00a0<\/span>\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 ]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>V=KN<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, V=K \\times N_{A} \\times n\\left[N_{A}=\\frac{N}{n}\\right]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>V\u221dn<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0987\u09b9\u09be\u0987, \u0986\u09ad\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09a1\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b2 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b2\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u0995\u09b0\u09a3 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u0964<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 : <\/span>\u09ac\u09df\u09c7\u09b2 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\n

V \\propto \\frac{1}{p} \\ldots \\ldots \\ldots(i)<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0[ <\/span>T,n<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 ]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b2\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u221dT\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026(ii)<\/span> [ <\/span>P,n<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 ]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 <\/span>(<\/span>i)<\/span> \u0993 <\/span>(<\/span>ii)<\/span> \u09a8\u0982 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u0987,<\/span><\/p>\n

V \\propto \\frac{1}{P} T<\/span>[ \u09af\u0996\u09a8 <\/span>V, T, P<\/span> \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 ]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, V=K \\cdot \\frac{1}{P} T<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>PV=KT<\/span>\u2026\u2026<\/span>\u2026\u2026\u2026(iii)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>PV\u221dT\u2026\u2026..\u2026\u2026\u2026(iv)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, \\frac{P V}{T}=k<\/span> <\/span>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026(v)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u099a\u09be\u09aa, \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7P_{1}, V_{1}, T_{1}<\/span>\u00a0<\/span> \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc P_{2}, V_{2}, T_{2}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 <\/span>(<\/span>v)<\/span> \u09a8\u0982 \u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u0995\u09b0\u09a3\u0995\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09cd\u09a8\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09c7 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc,<\/span><\/p>\n

\\frac{P_{1} V_{1}}{T_{1}}=\\frac{P_{2} V_{2}}{T_{2}}=\\mathbf{k}<\/span>\u2026\u2026(vi)<\/span><\/p>\n

(iii), (iv), (v), (vi)<\/span> \u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u0995\u09b0\u09a3\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b2 \u0993 \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u0995\u09b0\u09a3 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b2, \u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b2\u09b8 \u0993 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a1\u09cb\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u0995\u09b0\u09a3\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u0964 \u0985\u09a5\u09ac\u09be, \u0986\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u0995\u09b0\u09a3\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u0964<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 : <\/span>\u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\n

V \\propto \\frac{1}{P}<\/span>\u2026\u2026\u2026..(i)<\/span> [ <\/span>T,n<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 ]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b2\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u221dT\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026(ii)<\/span> [ <\/span>P,n<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 ]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a1\u09cb\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u221dn\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026(ii)<\/span> [ <\/span>T,P<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 ]<\/span><\/p>\n

(i), (i), (iii)<\/span> \u09a8\u0982 \u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u0987,\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V \\propto \\frac{1}{p} \\times T \\times n<\/span> [ \u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ac\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b0\u09be\u09b6\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 ]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, V=K \\cdot \\frac{1}{P} \\cdot T \\cdot n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, \\frac{P V}{n T}=k<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>\u2026\u2026(iv)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7, <\/span>k<\/span> \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995\u0964 \u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf <\/span>T, P, V, n<\/span> \u098f\u09ae\u09a8\u0995\u09bf \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 <\/span>T<\/span> \u098f\u09ac\u0982 <\/span>P<\/span> \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 <\/span>v<\/span> \u098f\u09ae\u09a8\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09af\u09c7, \\frac{P V}{n T}<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09a6\u09be \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u0993 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09b2 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u09b0\u00a0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u0993 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 <\/span>1<\/span>mole<\/span> \u09af\u09c7\u0995\u09cb\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u098f\u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c7\u09be\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09b8\u09ac \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u098f \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u099f\u09bf \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u099c\u09a8\u09c0\u09a8 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995 \u0993 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u0964 \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995\u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 <\/span>k<\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7 <\/span>R<\/span> \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09b8\u09c1\u09a4\u09b0\u09be\u0982, <\/span>(iv)<\/span> \u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u0995\u09b0\u09a3\u0995\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09cd\u09a8\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc,<\/span><\/p>\n\\frac{P V}{n T}=R<\/span>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>PV=nRT<\/span><\/p>\n

\u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2 \u0986\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u0995\u09b0\u09a3\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u098f\u0995 \u09ae\u09cb\u09b2 \u0986\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7,\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

n = 1mole<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2234PV=RT<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, P V_{m}=R T\\left[V_{m}=\\frac{V}{1 m o l}\\right]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u09ae\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u09b0\u00a0 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u09ae\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u09b0\u00a0 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995 \u09ac\u09be R \u0995\u09c0?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 :<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 <\/span>1 <\/span>mole<\/span> \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be <\/span>1<\/span>K<\/span> \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u099c\u09a8\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u099c\u09a8\u09bf\u09a4 \u09af\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09a4\u09be \u09ae\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u09b0\u00a0 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995 <\/span>R<\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u0986\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u0995\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997\u00a0 \u09b2\u09bf\u0996<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 :<\/span> \u09e7. \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09af\u09bc :<\/span><\/p>\n

PV=nRT<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, P V=\\frac{w}{M} R T<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, M=\\frac{w R T}{P V}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u09e8. \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0998\u09a8\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09af\u09bc :<\/span><\/p>\n

PV=nRT<\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, P V=\\frac{w}{M} R T<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, P M=\\frac{w}{v} R T<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>PM=dRT<\/span><\/p>\nd=\\frac{P M}{R T}<\/span>\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u0995\u09c7 R \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09b0\u0964<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 :<\/span> \u09e7. \u09b2\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c1\u09ae\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09b2\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u099a\u09be\u09aa \u098f\u0995\u0995\u09c7 <\/span>(<\/span>Latm)<\/span> : <\/span>S.T.P.<\/span> \u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09b2 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u09b0\u00a0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09a8 <\/span>= <\/span>22.414 L<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u098f\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7, <\/span>n = 1 mole, T = 273.15 K, V = 22.414 L, P = 1 atm.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09bf,<\/span><\/p>\nR=\\frac{P V}{n T}=\\frac{1 a t m \\times 22.414 L}{1 m o l e \\times 273.15 k}=0.082 \\text { LatmK }^{-1} m o l e^{-1}<\/span>\n

\u00a0\u09e8. <\/span>S.I.<\/span> \u098f\u0995\u0995\u09c7 <\/span>R<\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 : <\/span><\/p>\n

S.T.P.<\/span> \u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09b2 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u09b0\u00a0 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 <\/span>= 22.414 L<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>S.I. <\/span>\u098f\u0995\u0995\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09cd\u09a8\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09c7 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df,<\/span><\/p>\nn=1 \\text { mole, } v=22.414 \\mathrm{~L}=22.414 \\times 10^{-3} m^{3}, \\mathrm{~T}=273.15 \\mathrm{~K}, \\mathrm{P}=1 \\mathrm{~atm}=101.325 \\times 10^{3} \\mathrm{Nm}^{-2}<\/span>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 R=\\frac{P V}{n T}=\\frac{101.325 \\times 10^{-3} \\mathrm{Nm}^{-2} \\times 22.414 \\times 10^{-3} \\mathrm{~m}^{3}}{1 \\mathrm{~mol} \\times 273.15 k}=8.314 \\mathrm{Nmk}^{-1} \\mathrm{~mol}^{-1}=8.314 J k^{-1} \\mathrm{~mol}^{-1}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>C.G.S <\/span>\u098f\u0995\u0995\u09c7 <\/span>R<\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 <\/span>=<\/span> 8.314 \\times 10^{7} \\operatorname{ergk}^{-1} \\mathrm{~mol}^{-1}\\left[1 \\mathrm{~J}=10^{7} \\operatorname{erg}, 1 \\mathrm{erg}=1 \\mathrm{dyne} \\mathrm{cm} \/ \\mathrm{dyne}=\\mathrm{gcms}^{-1}\\right]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u09e9. \u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09b0\u09bf \u098f\u0995\u0995\u09c7 <\/span>R<\/span> \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 <\/span>\u00a0=1.987 \\mathrm{CalK}^{-1} \\mathrm{~mol}^{-1}[4.184 \\mathrm{~J}=1 \\mathrm{cal}]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9 (The Gas Laws) \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 : S.T.P. \u0993 S.A.T.P \u09ac\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u0995\u09c0 \u09ac\u09c1\u099d?\u00a0\u00a0 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 : S.T.P. \u09a4\u09c7 \u00a0 T=\u00a00\u00b0C \u09ac\u09be 273K. (Standard Temperature and Pressure) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0P=1\u00a0atm \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0S.A.T.P. \u09a4\u09c7 \u00a0 T=25\u00b0C \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0P=100kPa\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n

Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":56,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4230,3024,3032,50],"tags":[2225,1960,2229,2224,2226,2223,2228,2017,2227],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3113"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/56"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3113"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3113\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6662,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3113\/revisions\/6662"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3113"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3113"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3113"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}