{"id":5525,"date":"2022-05-20T15:52:52","date_gmt":"2022-05-20T09:52:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/?p=5525"},"modified":"2025-02-11T03:06:35","modified_gmt":"2025-02-10T21:06:35","slug":"periodic-table-its-characteristics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/periodic-table-its-characteristics\/","title":{"rendered":"\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf (Periodic Table)"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<h2><span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong>\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u099f\u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf (Background of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=STjXQRDa_OU&amp;list=PL1pf33qWCkmh7V7yqIV-VN0ea2rNraWQL\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Periodic Table<\/span><\/a>)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09df\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 (Lavoisier)<\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-15118 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09df\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7-Lavoisier-296x300.png\" alt=\"\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09df\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 (Lavoisier)\" width=\"296\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09df\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7-Lavoisier-296x300.png 296w, https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09df\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7-Lavoisier.png 526w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 296px) 100vw, 296px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>(1789) \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09df\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 \u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0985\u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1-\u098f \u09a6\u09c1\u0987 \u09ad\u09be\u0997\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u0964 \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8- \u09ac\u09cb\u09b0\u09a8, \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u0985\u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099c\u09bf\u0982\u0995, \u09b8\u09cb\u09a1\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09ae \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1\u0964 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ad\u09cc\u09a4 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09a0\u09bf\u09a8, \u09a4\u09b0\u09b2, \u09ac\u09be\u09df\u09ac\u09c0\u09df \u098f\u0987 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8 \u09ad\u09be\u0997\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 33\u099f\u09bf \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2 \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u099b\u0995 \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u09a1\u09cb\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0\u09be\u0987\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 (D\u00f6bereiner)\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img class=\"wp-image-6110 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u09a1\u09cb\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0\u09be\u0987\u09a8\u09be\u09b0-Dobereiner--300x300.png\" alt=\"\u09a1\u09cb\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0\u09be\u0987\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 (D\u00f6bereiner)\u00a0\" \/><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1829 \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u09a1\u09cb\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0\u09be\u0987\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u099f\u09bf \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09b0 \u098f\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u0993 \u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09ab\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7\u0995\u0964 \u098f\u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 <strong>\u09a1\u09cb\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0\u09be\u0987\u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09c0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 (Dobereiner&#8217;s Triad Law)<\/strong> \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u09a1\u09cb\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0\u09be\u0987\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 Cl,<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Br \u0993 I \u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09c0 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u099a\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u09a8\u09bf\u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1 (Newlands)<\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img class=\"wp-image-6116 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u09a8\u09bf\u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1-Newlands-296x300.png\" alt=\"\u09a8\u09bf\u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1 (Newlands)\" \/><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">1864 \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09bf\u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1 <strong>\u0985\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u0995 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 (Octave Law)<\/strong> \u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c0 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09af\u09be\u09df, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09ae \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ae\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b2\u09bf\u09ab (Mendeleev)<\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img class=\"wp-image-6120 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b2\u09bf\u09ab-Mendeleev-296x300.png\" alt=\"\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b2\u09bf\u09ab (Mendeleev)\" \/><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1869 \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b2\u09bf\u09ab \u09b8\u0995\u09b2 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8, \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09cc\u09a4 \u0993 \u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09df\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09ac\u09b2\u09bf \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7 \u0986\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u098f\u09a4\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df; \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u0997\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09b0 40 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u099f\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09b0 39 \u09b9\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u0997\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u099f\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u09c7\u09df\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u09ae\u09cb\u09b8\u09b2\u09c7 (Moseley)<\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15120 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09ae\u09cb\u09b8\u09b2\u09c7-Moseley-1008x1024.png\" alt=\"\u09ae\u09cb\u09b8\u09b2\u09c7 (Moseley)\" width=\"504\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09ae\u09cb\u09b8\u09b2\u09c7-Moseley-1008x1024.png 1008w, https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09ae\u09cb\u09b8\u09b2\u09c7-Moseley-295x300.png 295w, https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09ae\u09cb\u09b8\u09b2\u09c7-Moseley-768x780.png 768w, https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09ae\u09cb\u09b8\u09b2\u09c7-Moseley.png 1052w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">1913 \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u09b9\u09c7\u09a8\u09b0\u09bf \u09ae\u09c7\u09be\u09b8\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c0 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7\u00a0 \u09b8\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09cb\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09ac \u09a6\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u098f\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b2\u09bf\u09ab\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u0982\u09b6\u09cb\u09a7\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center\"><span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong>\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf ( <\/strong><strong>Periodic Table)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"806\" class=\"wp-image-15122 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf-Periodic-Table-1024x806.png\" alt=\"\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf ( Periodic Table)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf-Periodic-Table-1024x806.png 1024w, https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf-Periodic-Table-300x236.png 300w, https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf-Periodic-Table-768x604.png 768w, https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf-Periodic-Table.png 1052w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h2><span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong>\u099b\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7 \u099b\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7 <span class=\"\">\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u00a0<\/span>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa \u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df <span class=\"\">\u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2<\/span>:<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>1:<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09b9\u09be\u09df\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b2\u09bf \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09a8\u09be \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0995\u09c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u099b\u09c7\u0981\u099a\u09c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09ab\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">H \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Li \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Na \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 K\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Rb\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Cs\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Fr<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(1)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (3)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (11)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (19)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (37)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (55)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (87)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>2:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09ac\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09ae\u09cb\u0997\u09b2\u09be\u0987\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0995\u09be\u09ac\u09be\u09ac\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09ac\u099f\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09cb<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Be\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Mg \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ca\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Sr\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ba \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ra<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(4)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (12) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (20)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (38)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (56) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (88)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>13:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0985\u09ab\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0997\u09c7\u09b2\u09cb\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0987\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09df \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u099f\u09bf\u09ae \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Al \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ga\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 In\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ti\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Nh<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(5) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (13) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (31 ) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (49)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (81) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (113)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>14:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b8\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u099f\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0997\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b8\u09cb\u09a8\u09be \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09aa\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09ab\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b9\u09be<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Si \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ge\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Sn\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Pb\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Fl<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(6)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (14) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (32 )\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (50)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (82) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (114)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>15:<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09a8\u09bf\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09aa\u09be\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0986\u099b\u09c7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09b0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09b0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">N\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 P\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 As\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Sb \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Bi\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Mc<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(7) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (15) \u00a0 \u00a0 (33 )\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (51) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (83) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (115)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>16:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0993 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u098f\u09b8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u098f\u09b8\u09b8\u09bf\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09a4\u09c7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09aa\u09dc\u09c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b2\u09cb\u09ad\u09c7<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">O\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 S\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Se \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Te \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Po \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Lv<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(8) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (16) \u00a0 \u00a0 (34)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (52) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (84) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (116)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>17:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0\u09be\u00a0 \u00a0 \u0995\u09be\u09b2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09ac\u09be\u09dc\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u098f\u09b8\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0986\u099f\u099f\u09be\u09b0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u09c7<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">F \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Cl\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Br \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 I \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 At \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ts<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(9)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (17) \u00a0 \u00a0 (35)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (53)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (85) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (117)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>18:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09b9\u09c7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09a8\u09be \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0986\u09b0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0995\u09c7\u09df\u09be\u00a0 \u00a0 \u099c\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b8\u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0986\u0997\u09c7\u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7\u0987<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">He \u00a0 \u00a0 Ne \u00a0 \u00a0 Ar\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Kr\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Xe\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Rn\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Og<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(2)\u00a0 \u00a0 (10)\u00a0 \u00a0 (18)\u00a0 \u00a0 (36) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (54) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (86) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (118)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>3:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09b8\u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0987\u0989\u09a8\u09c1\u09b8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b2\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0986\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09a8\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u0995<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Se\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Y \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 La \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ac<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(21) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (39) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (57)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (89)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>4:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u099f\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09a4<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ti \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Zr \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Hf\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Rf<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(22) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (40) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (72)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (104)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>5:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09ad\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09a8\u09ac\u09be\u09ac \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09a6\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">V\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Nb\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ta\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Db<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(23)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (41) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (73)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (105)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>6:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u099b\u09c7\u09dc\u09be \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09ae\u09a8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09a4\u09cb\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Cr \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Mo\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 W \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Sg<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(24)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (42) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (74) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (106)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>7:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09ae\u09a8\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09ac\u09c7\u09a7\u09c7<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mn\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Tc\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Re\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Bh<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(25)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (43) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (75) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (107)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>8:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09ab\u09c7\u09b0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b0\u09c1\u09b9\u09be\u09a8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0985\u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Fe\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ru\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Os\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Hs<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(26) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (44)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (76) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (108)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>9:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0995\u09cb\u09a6\u09be\u09b2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b0\u09be\u09ae \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0987\u09b0\u09be\u09b0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a5\u09be\u09df<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Co\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Rh\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ir \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Mt<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(27) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (45) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (77)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (109)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>10:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09a8\u09c0\u09b2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09ae \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09aa\u09be\u09a5\u09b0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09a6\u09bf\u099b\u09c7<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ni\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Pd\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Pt\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ds<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(28) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (46)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (78)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (110)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>11:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0995\u09a5\u09be\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0986\u09b8\u09ac\u09c7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b0\u09be\u099c\u09be<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Cu \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ag \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Au\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Rg<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(29)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (47) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (79) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (111)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa &#8211;<\/strong><strong>12:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a1\u09be\u09b0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u099a\u09be\u0987<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Zn\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Cd \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Hg\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Cn<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(30) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (48)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (80)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (112)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0995\u09a4\u09bf\u09aa\u09df \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae (Special names for certain groups)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df 1<\/td>\r\n<td>\u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc 2 \u0993 3<\/td>\r\n<td>\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc 4 \u0993 5<\/td>\r\n<td>\u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc 6 \u0993 7<\/td>\r\n<td>\u0985\u09a4\u09bf \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa 1<\/td>\r\n<td>\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa 2<\/td>\r\n<td>\u09ae\u09c3\u09ce\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa 11<\/td>\r\n<td>\u09ae\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa 16<\/td>\r\n<td>\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u0995\u09cb\u099c\u09c7\u09a8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa 17<\/td>\r\n<td>\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09cb\u099c\u09c7\u09a8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa 18<\/td>\r\n<td>\u09a8\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h2><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a style=\"color: #3366ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/academic\/9\/908\/start\/lesson\/2384\"><strong>\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09af ( <\/strong><strong>Characteristics of the Periodic table )<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09ae \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09a1\u09be\u09a8 \u09aa\u09af\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4 \u0986\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09df \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f 7\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u099a \u09aa\u09af\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4 \u0996\u09be\u09dc\u09be \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa \u09ac\u09be \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09a3\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f 18\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u099a\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u0987\u09a1 \u0993 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09a8\u09be\u0987\u09a1 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1&#8217;\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7 6 \u0993 7 \u09a8\u0982 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u09b0\u09be 3 \u09a8\u0982 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0997\u09a4\u0964<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c7 2\u099f\u09bf \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2, 2\u09df \u0993 3\u09df \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c7 4\u099f\u09bf \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2, 4\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5 \u0993 5\u09ae \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c7 18\u099f\u09bf \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 6 \u09b7\u09cd\u09a0 \u0993 7\u09ae \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c7 32\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2 \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09ae \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09a1\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09df\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u098f\u0995\u0987 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u09ad\u09cc\u09a4 \u0993 \u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09df\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09b0\u0995\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h2><span style=\"color: #339966;\"><b>\u0987\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09df <\/b><b>(Determination of the Position of the Elements in the Periodic Table from Their Electronic Configuration)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><b>\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09ae<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">\u09e7. \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae\u09c7 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">\u09e8. \u0987\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">\u09e9. \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09cb\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u0987 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>\u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3-<\/b><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> 3^{L i} \\rightarrow 1 s^{1} 2 s^{1} \\rightarrow \\text { \u09e9\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc } \\\\11^{N a} \\rightarrow 1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 3 p^{6} \\rightarrow \\text { \u09e9\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc }<\/span>\n\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa \u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09ae<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\u09e7. \u0987\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 S \u0985\u09b0\u09ac\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u0990 \u0985\u09b0\u09ac\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0987\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0987 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0964<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>\u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3-<\/b><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{ }_{1} H \\rightarrow 1 s^{1} \\text { \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa-1 } <\/span>\n\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\u09e8. \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 S \u0993 P \u0985\u09b0\u09ac\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u0987\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 10 \u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0987 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0964<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>\u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3-<\/b><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{ }_{5} B \\rightarrow 1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{1} \\text { \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa } \\longrightarrow 2+1+10=13 <\/span>\n\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\u09e9. \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 s \u098f\u09b0 \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u0986\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 d \u0985\u09b0\u09ac\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 s \u0993 d \u098f\u09b0 \u0987\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09ab\u09b2\u0987 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa\u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0964<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>\u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3-<\/b><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{ }_{25} M n-1 s^{2} \\quad 25^{2} \\quad 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2} 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} \\underline{3 d^{5}} 4 s^{2} \\text { \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa\u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be } \\longrightarrow 5+2=7 <\/span>\n\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h2><span style=\"color: #339966;\"><b>\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09b0 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae (Some exceptions to the periodic table)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><b>\u09b9\u09be\u0987\u09a1\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 (Position of Hydrogen)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\u09b9\u09be\u0987\u09a1\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0987\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8 \u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ae\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa 1 \u098f \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa 17 \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09b9\u09be\u0987\u09a1\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u099c\u09c7\u09a8 \u0993 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0987\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7, \u098f\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u0993 \u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09cb\u099c\u09c7\u09a8 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ae\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ac\u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b9\u0987\u09a1\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa-1 \u098f\u09ac \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><b>\u09b9\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 (Position of Helium)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\u09b9\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u09e8\u099f\u09bf \u0987\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8 \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u0987 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 He \u0995\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa-2 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce \u09ae\u09c3\u09ce\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09ae \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa-2 \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9 \u09a4\u09c0\u09ac\u09cd\u09b0 \u09a4\u09dc\u09bf\u09ce \u09a7\u09a8\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09ae\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa-18 \u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u09c7\u09df\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><b>\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u0987\u09a1 \u0993 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09a8\u09be\u0987\u09a1 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c7\u09d7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 (Location for row of lanthanide and actinide elements)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09a4 \u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u0987\u09a1 \u0993 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09a8\u09be\u0987\u09a1 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa -3 \u098f\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u0997\u09a4\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df-6 \u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df -7 \u0995\u09c7 \u09af\u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7 \u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u0987\u09a1 \u0993 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09a8\u09be\u0987\u09a1 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa -3 \u09a4\u09c7 \u098f\u09a4\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c7\u09d7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u099c\u09be\u09df \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u0987\u09a1 \u0993 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09a8\u09be\u0987\u09a1 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"x1tlxs6b x1g8br2z x1gn5b1j x230xth x14ctfv x1okitfd x6ikm8r x10wlt62 x1mzt3pk x1y1aw1k xn6708d xwib8y2 x1ye3gou x1n2onr6 x13faqbe x1vjfegm\" role=\"none\">\r\n<div class=\"\">\r\n<div class=\"x9f619 x1n2onr6 x1ja2u2z __fb-light-mode\" role=\"none\"><hr \/>\r\n<p dir=\"auto\" role=\"none\">\u00a0<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"x6prxxf x1fc57z9 x1yc453h x126k92a xzsf02u\" dir=\"auto\" role=\"none\"><em><strong>\u098f\u0987\u099a\u098f\u09b8\u09b8\u09bf \u0993 \u098f\u09a1\u09ae\u09bf\u09b6\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u0983<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li role=\"none\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/hsc-25-online-batch-2-bangla-english-ict\/\">HSC 25 \u0985\u09a8\u09b2\u09be\u0987\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099a \u09e8.\u09e6 (\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be, \u0987\u0982\u09b0\u09c7\u099c\u09bf, \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u0993 \u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09be\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf)<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li role=\"none\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/hsc-26-online-batch-bangla-english-ict\/\">HSC 26 \u0985\u09a8\u09b2\u09be\u0987\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099a (\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be, \u0987\u0982\u09b0\u09c7\u099c\u09bf, \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u0993 \u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09be\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf)<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li role=\"none\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/hsc-2025-online-batch\/\">HSC 25 \u0985\u09a8\u09b2\u09be\u0987\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099a (\u09ab\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b8, \u0995\u09c7\u09ae\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf, \u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a5, \u09ac\u09be\u09df\u09cb\u09b2\u099c\u09bf)<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li role=\"none\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/hsc-2026-online-batch\/\">HSC 26 \u0985\u09a8\u09b2\u09be\u0987\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099a (\u09ab\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b8, \u0995\u09c7\u09ae\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf, \u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a5, \u09ac\u09be\u09df\u09cb\u09b2\u099c\u09bf)<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li role=\"none\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/medical-admission-course\/\">\u09ae\u09c7\u09a1\u09bf\u0995\u09c7\u09b2 \u098f\u09a1\u09ae\u09bf\u09b6\u09a8 \u0995\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8 &#8211; \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09ea<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li role=\"none\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/dhaka-university-a-unit-admission-course\/\">\u09a2\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8\u09bf\u099f\u09bf A Unit \u098f\u09a1\u09ae\u09bf\u09b6\u09a8 \u0995\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8 &#8211; \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09ea<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li role=\"none\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/dhaka-university-b-unit-admission-course\/\">\u09a2\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8\u09bf\u099f\u09bf B Unit \u098f\u09a1\u09ae\u09bf\u09b6\u09a8 \u0995\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8 &#8211; \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09ea<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li role=\"none\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/buet-ques-solve\/\">\u09ac\u09c1\u09df\u09c7\u099f \u0995\u09cb\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09c7\u09a8 \u09b8\u09b2\u09ad \u0995\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li role=\"none\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/gst-a-unit-admission-course\/\">\u0997\u09c1\u099a\u09cd\u099b A Unit \u098f\u09a1\u09ae\u09bf\u09b6\u09a8 \u0995\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8 &#8211; \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09ea<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li role=\"none\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/gst-b-unit-admission-course\/\">\u0997\u09c1\u099a\u09cd\u099b B Unit \u098f\u09a1\u09ae\u09bf\u09b6\u09a8 \u0995\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8 &#8211; \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09ea<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<hr \/>\r\n<h4>\u00a0<\/h4>\r\n<p><em><strong>\u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09bf\u09b2 \u09a1\u09c7\u09ad\u09c7\u09b2\u09aa\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f \u0995\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u0983<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/study-abroad-complete-guideline\/\">\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be: Study Abroad Complete Guideline<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/student-hacks\/\">Student Hacks<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/ielts-course\/\">IELTS Course by Munzereen Shahid<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/english-grammar-course\/\">Complete English Grammar Course<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/ms-bundle\/\"> Microsoft Office 3 in 1 Bundle<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/ghore-boshe-freelancing\/\">\u0998\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b8\u09c7 Freelancing<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/facebook-marketing\/\">Facebook Marketing<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/product\/adobe-4-in-1-bundle\/\">Adobe 4 in 1 Bundle<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<hr \/>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>\u09e7\u09e6 \u09ae\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u099f \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b2\u09be\u09b8\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09b8\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ad\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f: <span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #993300;\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/?ref=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.10minuteschool.com%2Fwordpress%2F&amp;post_id=78178&amp;blog_category_id=700\">www.10minuteschool.com<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u099f\u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf (Background of Periodic Table) \u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09df\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 (Lavoisier) (1789) \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09df\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 \u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0985\u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1-\u098f \u09a6\u09c1\u0987 \u09ad\u09be\u0997\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u0964 \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8- \u09ac\u09cb\u09b0\u09a8, \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u0985\u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099c\u09bf\u0982\u0995, \u09b8\u09cb\u09a1\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09ae \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09c1\u0964 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ad\u09cc\u09a4 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09a0\u09bf\u09a8, \u09a4\u09b0\u09b2,<\/p>\n<p> <a class=\"redmore\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/periodic-table-its-characteristics\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5520,3024,50,3030],"tags":[3218,530,517,3217,3214,3215,3216],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5525"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/35"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5525"}],"version-history":[{"count":84,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5525\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16172,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5525\/revisions\/16172"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}