{"id":578,"date":"2022-03-24T10:00:30","date_gmt":"2022-03-24T10:00:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage-wp.10minuteschool.com\/?p=578"},"modified":"2022-03-24T04:15:01","modified_gmt":"2022-03-24T04:15:01","slug":"first-law-of-thermodynamics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/","title":{"rendered":"\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 (First Law of Thermodynamics)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 | First Law of Thermodynamics:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u0995\u09be\u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u099f \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09ab\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1, \u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ae\u09ab\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a1\u09c7\u09ad\u09c0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099c\u09c7\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b8\u0995\u099f \u099c\u09c1\u09b2 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be-\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u09af\u09c7, \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09a4\u09a5\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b9\u09df \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u0987 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0987 \u09ae\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09a6 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7\u0987 \u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09a4 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09aa\u09be\u09a4\u0964 \u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09c7 \u09b6\u09be\u0996\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u0993 \u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 \u0993 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 <strong>\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be (Thermodynamics)<\/strong> \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09b2\u09bf \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c0\u09df \u0995\u09df\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b0\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>(\u0995) \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae <\/b><b>(Thermodynamic system) :<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae \u09ac\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a4\u09b2 \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09a8\u09c0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c1\u099d\u09be\u09df \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u099a\u09b2\u09b0\u09be\u09b6\u09bf (\u099a\u09be\u09aa, \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8, \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be) \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09aa \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09a8\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b8\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u0985\u09a5\u09ac\u09be \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09c7\u09b2\u09c1\u09a8\u09c7 \u0986\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09bf\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09a2\u09be\u0995\u09a8\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u09b9\u09c0\u09a8 \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09dc\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf \u09ab\u09cb\u099f\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09df \u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>(\u0996) \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac <\/b><b>(Surroundings)<\/b><b> :<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u09b6\u09c7\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ac \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09df \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u0964 \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u09aa\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09a8 \u0993 \u09b8\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09b6\u09c7\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09df\u09c1 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u0964 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df, \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09df\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae \u09af\u09c7 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0993\u0987 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>(\u0997) \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0995 <\/b><b>(Thermodynamic co-ordinates)<\/b><b> :<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09af\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09b2 \u09b0\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c7\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0995 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u09b8\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa, \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 \u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u099a\u09be\u09aa, \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 \u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0995 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>(\u0998) \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be <\/b><b>(Equilibrium)<\/b><b> :<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09c2\u09dc\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0985\u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09b2 (steady) \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09df \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u0995\u09b2 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c1\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0995 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce \u099a\u09be\u09aa, \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8, \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>(\u0999) \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be <\/b><b>(Thermodynamic process)<\/b><b> :<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09c7 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>(\u099a) \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09ac\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0983\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf <\/b><b>(Internal energy)<\/b><b> :<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09c1\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09df \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09af\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b9\u09bf\u0983\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0998\u099f\u09be\u09df \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09ac\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0983\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u09aa\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u0986\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997 \u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac (constant) \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u099a\u09be\u09aa, \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09ad\u09cc\u09a4 \u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae; \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u0986\u09aa\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u0995 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b8\u09b9\u0997 \u0987\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u099c\u09c1\u09b2 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u0995\u09be\u099c \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09be\u099c, \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09df \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 <strong>\u099c\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09a6<\/strong> \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u099c\u09c1\u09b2 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09cd\u09a8\u09b2\u09bf\u0996\u09bf\u09a4 \u0989\u09aa\u09be\u09df\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0: <\/b><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09aa\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><b>\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be :<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09af\u09a6\u09bf <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">W<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09a3\u09a4 \u09b9\u0993\u09df\u09be\u09df <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b9\u09df, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">W\u221dQ<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09ac\u09be, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">W=JQ<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">J<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 <strong>\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09a4\u09be <\/strong><\/span><strong>(mechanical equivalent of heat)<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u09ac\u09be <strong>\u099c\u09c1\u09b2 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0995 <\/strong><\/span><strong>(Joule\u2019s Equivalent)<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b2\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b8 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Clausius)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 <\/span><b>\u0995\u09cd\u09b2\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09a6 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 <\/span><b>\u0995\u09cd\u09b2\u09b8\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b8<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09cd\u09a8\u09b2\u09bf\u0996\u09bf\u09a4 \u0989\u09aa\u09be\u09df\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><b>\u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 :<\/b> <em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09df <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(system<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09b8\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09b9 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09df \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c3\u0995 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u0997\u09c3\u09b9\u09c0\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df, \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u098f\u09b0 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u0985\u0982\u09b6 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0985\u09ac\u09b6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u0985\u0982\u09b6 \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09df \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">=<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">+<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u0964<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 | First Law of Thermodynamics: \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u0995\u09be\u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u099f \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09ab\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1, \u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ae\u09ab\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a1\u09c7\u09ad\u09c0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099c\u09c7\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b8\u0995\u099f \u099c\u09c1\u09b2 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be-\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u09af\u09c7, \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09a4\u09a5\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b9\u09df \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u0987 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0987 \u09ae\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09a6 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7\u0987 \u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09a4<\/p>\n<p> <a class=\"redmore\" href=\"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4245,3029,50,51],"tags":[487,488,485,446,486,489,483,484,490],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/578"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=578"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/578\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1828,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/578\/revisions\/1828"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=578"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=578"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=578"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}