{"id":789,"date":"2022-03-24T09:52:11","date_gmt":"2022-03-24T09:52:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage-wp.10minuteschool.com\/?p=789"},"modified":"2022-04-04T01:14:35","modified_gmt":"2022-04-03T19:14:35","slug":"internal-energy-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/internal-energy-work\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf | Internal Energy"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

\u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be<\/b><\/strong> (Internal energy definition)<\/b> <\/strong><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0995 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be (system)-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u098f\u09ae\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0986\u099b\u09c7 \u09af\u09be \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u0985\u09a3\u09c1-\u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1\u09b0 \u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0983\u0986\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b2\u09c1\u0995\u09be\u09df\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09c1\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09df \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09af\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b9\u09bf\u0983\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0998\u099f\u09be\u09df \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf(Internal Energy) \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf(Internal Energy) \u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09cd\u09a8\u09cb\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c1\u0987 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09ab\u09b2\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

(\u0995) \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09c0\u09df \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09af\u09be \u098f\u09b2\u09cb\u09ae\u09c7\u09b2\u09cb\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 (randomly) \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09b0\u09a3\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0985\u09a3\u09c1\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

(\u0996) \u0986\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf (atomic potential energy)\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf, <\/span>E=<\/span> \u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf <\/span>K.\u00a0E.<\/span>+<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf <\/span>(P.E.)<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u0987 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09aa \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac \u09a8\u09df\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u09b8\u09a0\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09aa \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u09b6\u09c2\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09df \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u0993 \u09b6\u09c2\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 <\/b>(Changes in internal energy)<\/b><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09a7\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u0995, \u0998\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u09b9\u09c0\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 <\/span>m<\/span> \u09ae\u09cb\u09b2 \u0986\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u0986\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa, \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8, \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09af\u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7 <\/span>P,\u00a0V,\u00a0T<\/span> \u098f\u09ac\u0982 <\/span>u<\/span>\u0964 \u098f\u0996\u09a8 \u098f\u0987 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7 <\/span>dQ<\/span> \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 <\/span>du<\/span> \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09be\u099c <\/span>dw<\/span> \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7,<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09e7\u09ae \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c0,<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

dQ=du+dW<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09ac\u09be, \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span>dQ=du+PdV<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09ac\u09be, \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span>du=dQ-PdV<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7, <\/span>du=dQ<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span>\u2235dV=0<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u2234du=dQ<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u098f\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df \u09af\u09c7, \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u09b8\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09b9\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u0964<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7 <\/span>m<\/span> \u09ae\u09cb\u09b2 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 <\/span>dQ<\/span> \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b8\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09b9 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u098f\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be <\/span>dT<\/span> \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u09aa\u09be\u09df \u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u0993\u0987 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u09aa\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u0995 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa,<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nC_V=\\frac{dQ}{mdT}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09ac\u09be, dQ=mC_VdT<\/span>,\u00a01 \u09ae\u09cb\u09b2 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 m=1<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\\therefore dQ=C_VdT<\/span>\u0964 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce dT \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 1 \u09ae\u09cb\u09b2 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0(Internal Energy) \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb C_V<\/span> \u098f\u09ac\u0982 dT \u098f\u09b0 \u0997\u09c1\u09a3\u09ab\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09be \u0986\u09ac\u09b6\u09cd\u09af\u0995 \u09a8\u09df\u0964 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0\u09a4\u09be (Dependence on the internal energy of the gas)<\/b><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u098f\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7, \u098f\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa \u09ac\u09be \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c7\u09df\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa (Mayer\u2019s hypothesis)<\/strong> \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09a4\u09be\u09aa, \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0993 \u0995\u09be\u099c <\/b>(Heat, Internal Energy and Work)<\/b><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09bf C \u0995\u09c1\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0 \u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a7\u09be\u09a4\u09ac \u099a\u09cb\u0999\u0964 \u098f\u0996\u09a8 \u099a\u09cb\u0999\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09ad\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c1\u0996 \u09b9\u09be\u09b2\u0995\u09be, \u0998\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u09ae\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u09df\u09c1 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u09aa\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09a8 F \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7 \u0995\u09b0\u09bf\u0964 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09be \u09ac\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09df \u099a\u09b2\u09be\u099a\u09b2 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09cd\u09af, \u09aa\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09a8\u0993 \u0995\u09c1\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0 \u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u0986\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa P \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09a8 \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u099a\u09cb\u0999\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09ab\u09b2 A \u09b9\u09df, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c3\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09b2 F= \u099a\u09be\u09aa X \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09ab\u09b2 \u09ac\u09be, F=P\u00d7A<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09bf \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb, \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09a8\u099f\u09bf <\/span>B<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 <\/span>D<\/span> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b0\u09c7 \u0997\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 <\/span>dx<\/span> \u09a6\u09c2\u09b0\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0985\u09a4\u098f\u09ac \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09be\u099c<\/span> dW<\/span>= \u09ac\u09b2 X\u09b8\u09b0\u09a3<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>dW=F\\times dx=PAdx<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>dW=PdV<\/span> [\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 A.dx=dV= \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u099c\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf]<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce \u0995\u09be\u099c = \u099a\u09be\u09aa X \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8<\/span>\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09be\u099c (external work) \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

[\u09ac\u09bf. \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0. \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7 \u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09a7\u09a8\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u0995 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u098b\u09a8\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u0995]<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 V_1<\/span> \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 V_2<\/span> \u09b9\u09df, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c3\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 V_1<\/span> \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 V_2<\/span> \u09b9\u09df, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c3\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09be\u099c dW=P(V_2-V_1)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7<\/span> dW=dPdV=(P_1-P_2)(V_2-V_1)<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7, P_1<\/span>= \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09a6\u09bf \u099a\u09be\u09aa \u098f\u09ac\u0982 P_2<\/span>= \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u0964 \u099a\u09be\u09aa Nm^{-2}<\/span> \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0986\u09df\u09a4\u09a8 m^3<\/span> \u098f\u0995\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u0995 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 J (\u099c\u09c1\u09b2)\u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09bf \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae\u09c7 dQ \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b8\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09b9 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 du \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u0995\u09be\u099c dW \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\ndQ=du+dW<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09ac\u09be, <\/span>dQ=du+Pdv<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u09ac\u09be,<\/span> dQ=du+P(V_2-V_1)<\/span><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be (Internal energy definition) \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0995 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be (system)-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u098f\u09ae\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0986\u099b\u09c7 \u09af\u09be \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u0985\u09a3\u09c1-\u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c1\u09b0 \u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0983\u0986\u09a3\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n

Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4245,3029,50,51],"tags":[748,6,446],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/789"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=789"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/789\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12574,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/789\/revisions\/12574"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=789"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=789"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/10minuteschool.com\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=789"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}