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English Literature: Augustan, Romantic Period

The Augustan Period  (1700-1745):

এই যুগের লেখকগণ প্রাচীন ইতালীয় সম্রাট Augustus-এর আমলের লেখকদের অনুকরণ করেছিলেন বলে এই যুগকে Augustan Period বলে।

Famous Writer from The Augustan  Period and their works:

Name of the Writer Title and Pen Name Notable Works
Alexander Pope (1688-1744) Titles: Mock Heroic Poet Famous poems:

  1.  An Essay on Man
  2. The Dunciad

Famous Epic:

  1. The Rape of the Lock

Famous quotes:

  1. “A little learning is a dangerous thing.”
  2. “Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.”
Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) Titles: The Greatest Satirist (ব্যঙ্গ রচয়িতা) of the 18th Century Famous Books:

  1. Gulliver’s Travels
  2. A modest proposal
Daniel Defoe (1660 – 1731) Famous satirical poem: The True Born English Man

Famous Novels:

  1. Robinson Crusoe
  2. Colonel Jack

Famous quote:

“Thus fear of danger is ten thousand times more terrifying than danger itself.”

Samuel Richardson (1689 – 1761) Famous Novel:

  1. Pamela
  2. Clarissa
Joseph Addison (1672 – 1719)

and Richard Steele (1672 – 1729)

দুইজন Addison and Steele নামে পরিচিত
  • The Spectator (a daily publication founded by them)
  • The Tatler (a literary and society journal begun by Richard Steele)
  • “Sir Roger at Church” -Joseph Addison এর বিখ্যাত essay

The Age of Sensibility (1745-1798):

এ যুগের writer-রা মূলত sense, reason, feeling-কে বেশি গুরুত্ব দিয়েছেন বলে এই যুগকে The Age of Sensibility বলা হয়েছে।

Slogans of French Revolution:

  1. Liberty
  2. Equity
  3. Fraternity

Famous Writers from the Age of Sensibility and their Work:

Name of the Writer Title and Pen Name Notable Works
Samuel Jhonson Titles:

  • Writer of English Dictionary
  • Shakespeare Critic
Famous Books:

  1. A preface to Shakespeare
  2. A varsity of Human Wishes
  3. London (a poem)
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749 – 1832) Title: The greatest poet of Germany Famous dramatic poem: Faust

Quote: “Man errs so long as he strives”

Henry Fielding (1707-1754)
  • তাকে English Novel এর জনক বলা হয়
  • Pen Name – Captain Hercules Vinegar 
তিনি Picaresque Novel  এর জন্য বিখ্যাত

Well known plays:

  1. The tragedy of tragedies
  2. The temple beau

Famous Novels:

  1. The History of Tom Jones, a founding
  2. Amelia
Oliver Goldsmith (1728-1774) Famous Books and Poems:

  1. The Citizen of the World
  2. The Vicar of Wakefield
  3. The Deserted Village (Poem)
  4. She stoops to conquer (play)
Thomas Gray (1716-1771) Graveyard Poet Famous elegy: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard

Famous Quotes:

 “Full many a flower is born to blush unseen, And waste its sweetness on the desert air.” 

Edmund Burke (1729-1797) The Founding Father of Modern Conservatism Famous Speech: Speech on Conciliation with America

Famous Quotes: The greater the power the more dangerous the abuse

Edward Gibbon (1737-1794) Famous Book: The History of the Decline and Fall of Roman Empire
Lindley Murray (1745-1826) Father of English Grammar
Gerasim Lebedev (1749-1817) The Disguise এবং Love is the Best Doctor নামক দুইটি নাটক বঙ্গানুবাদ করেন
Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832) Father of both the Regional and the Historical Novel Ivanhoe তার শ্রেষ্ঠ উপন্যাস
Harold J Laski (1893-1950) Book: A Grammar of Politics
Adam Smith (1723-1790) The Father of Economics/Classical Economics or The Father of Capitalism
  1. The Theory of Moral Sentiments
  2. An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
Rousseau (1712-1778) Full Name: Jean Jacques Rousseau Famous Books:

  1. The Social Contract
  2. Emile (On Education)
Voltaire (1694-1778) Full Name: Francois-Marie Arouet Books:

  1. Candide
  2. Zaire

Quotes: 

  • If God didn’t exist it would be necessary to invent him

The Romantic Period (1798-1832/37):

এই যুগকে বলা হয় – The Golden Age of Lyric / Age of Revolution

Slogan: Art of Art’s Sake

Famous Writers from the Romantic Period and their Work:

Name of the Writer Title and Pen Name Notable Works
William Wordsworth (1770-1850) High Priest of Nature

Titles:

  • Poet of Nature
  • Poet of Childhood
  • Lake Poet
  • Believer of Pantheism
  • Father of Romantic Age
একমাত্র নাটক The Borderers

Famous Poems:

  1. The Daffodils
  2. The Solitary Reapers

Famous Quotes:

  1. Child is the father of the man.
  2. All at once I saw crowed, A Host, of Golden daffodils
S.T. Coleridge (1772-1834) Famous Book: Biographia Literaria

Quote from “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”: Alone, alone, all alone

Alone on a wide, wide sea

P.B. Shelley Full Name: Percy Bysshe Shelley

Revolutionary poet of English Literature

Works:

  1. The Revolt of Islam
  2. The Necessity of Atheism
  3. The Cenci (play)

Quotes:

  1. If winter comes can spring be far behind?
  2. Our sweetest songs are those that tell of saddest thoughts.
John Keats (1795-1821) Titles:

  • Poet of Beauty
  • Poet of sensuousness 
Famous Books of Poem:

  1. Endymion
  2. Lamia

Quotes:

  1. Beauty is truth, truth is beauty.
  2. ‘My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains/ My sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk.’
William Blake (1757-1827) Books:

  1. Songs of Innocence
  2. Milton (a poem)

Quotes:

  1. All Pray in their distress.
  2. Little lamb, who made thee?
Charles Lamb (1775-1834) Books:

  1. The Essays of Elia
  2. Tales from Shakespeare
William Hazlitt (1778-1830) Books:

  1. The Spirit of the Age
  2. Prejudice is the child of ignorance

Quotes:

  • Poverty is the test of civility and the touchstone of friendship
Lord Byron (1788-1824) Full Name: George Gordon Byron

Title: Rebel Poet

Famous Books:

  1. The Vision of Judgment
  2. Hours of Idleness

বায়রনের বিখ্যাত গীতি কবিতা: “She Walks in Beauty”

Famous Quotes:

  • Sweet is revenge – especially to women
Jane Austen (1775-1817) Books:

  1. Pride and Prejudice

Quote: “A lady’s imagination is very rapid; it jumps from admiration to love, from love to matrimony (বিবাহ) in a moment.”

Alexander Pushkin (1799-1837) His full name is Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin. Notable Works:

  1. Eugene Onegin (novel)
  2. Boris Godunov (Play)
Henry Louis Vivian Derozio (1809 – 1831)  তার প্রধান গ্রন্থ The Fakeer of Jungheera